5G TECHNOLGY

INTRODUCTION

5G Technology stands for fifth generation mobile technology. 5G denote future  face of mobile telecommunication standards on the far side the forthcoming 4G standards.In present scenario   cell phones have all the feautres required  by this generation  like least significant dimension,largest phone memory , speed dialing , video player, camera and the n.o goes on as technology progresses. 5G technology can amend  the experience of  the high bandwidth user  with  their phones or data cards.With 5G pushed over a VOIP  enabled device, folks can  will experience level of  call volume and   data transmission never seen before. 5G technology is giving the service inProduct Engineering, Documentation, supporting electronic transactions, etc.As the client become a lot  of alert to the itinerant technology, he or she will look  for a good package all at once as well as all the advanced options a cellular phone will have. Hence the exploration  for new technology continuously is the main motive of the leading cell phone giants to out initiate their competitors. The goal of a 5G based mostly  telecommunication network would ideally answer the challenges that a 4G model would present once it's entered widespread use.  Just around the corner, the newest 5G technologies will hit the mobile market with phones used in China being able to access and call locally phones in Germany.

 5G technology  will amned the ways in which cellular plans  are measured worldwide. A brand new revolution is near to begin.  A new revolution is about to begin. The global cell phone is around the corner. The global mobile phone will hit the localities who can call and access from one country to another’s local phone with this new technology.The manner by which individuals  communicate  will altogether upgrade. The use of this  technology will surely  step ahead  and improve and accessibility all around the world. Your workplace can shrink into your telephone set with this mobile phone that's getting to check PDA (personal digital assistant) of twenty first century.

5G technology encompasses a bright future as a result of it will handle best technologies and supply valuable telephone set to their customers. is also in coming back days 5G technology takes over the market. 5G Technologies have a unprecedented capability to support code and practice.

 EVOLUTION OF MOBILE NETWORK FROM 1G TO 5G

First Generation wireless technology (1G) is the original analog (An analog or analogue signalAn analog or analogue signal is any variable signal continuous in both time and amplitude.), voice-only cellular telephone standard, developed in the 1980s. The prominent ones among 1G system were advanced mobile phone system (AMPS), Nordic mobile telephone (NMT), and total access communication system (TACS). And it has no  additional feauture

1 Developed in 1980s & completed in early 1990s

2 Based on analog system

3 Speed up to 2.4 kbps

2G-5G NETWORKS

The starting phase of the mobile networks are the analog phones that has the capability to only supports voice telephony. After an interval of 10 years in 1990 the second generation digital telephony comes into existence during this period the telecom industry has a significant boom in terms of both the subscriber and the value added services. Second generation of network supports limited data support in the range of 9.6 kbps to 19.2 kbps. These network use  the circuit switching for voice telephony. After this the development does not stop the 2g network are further developed to 2.5g which uses circuit switching for voice and for data transmission they use packet swithching. They are commonly called as GPRS OR Gernal packet radio switching. In this   the user packet compete for bandwidth and user are gernally charged for data only

 3g networks   are also known as International mobile telecommunication -2000 . IT is a generation of standard  that fulfill the criteria specified by international telecommunication union.With the development of the 3g networks the problems that user faced  in the 2g and 2.5 g networks, mainly the low speed and incompatible technologies  like TDMA and CDMA . 3G has more bandwidth and  find  services in wireless voice telephony, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless Internet access, video calls and mobile TV.

.There is also a concern that in many countries 3G will never be deployed due to its cost and poor performance. Although it is possible that some of the weaknesses at physical layer will still exist in 4G systems, an integration of services at the upper layer is expected.

The development ion the mobile networks is mainly dependent on the  business  challanges and the  direction depends on the subscribers demands. It is also effecte by the radio spectrum and the restrictions deployed over it by the government. Hower as the major advancement are occurring in mobile networks the standardization is becoming more and more complex . Many mobile system standards are present there for large area network and are umts , cdma2000, hspa etc. In addition there are evolving standards for Personal Area Networks (PANs), such as Bluetooth wireless, and for WLANs, such as IEEE 802.11.

The current  in mobile system  is to support the high bit data  rate  transfer at the downlink via hspda. It provides a smooth advancement path for UMTS network to higher data rates in the same way as the EDGE( ENHANCED DATA RATE FOR FOR GLOBAL EVOLUTION)  do in GSM. ). HSPDA uses shared channels that allow different users to access the channel resources in packet domain. It provides an efficient means to share spectrum that provides support for high data rate packet transport on the downlink, which is well adapted to urban environment and indoor applications.

At the starting phase data rates of 10 mbps is achieved using HSPDA but  with the technical advancements it has reached to 21.6 mbps and further can be increased to 30 mbps with the help of anteena array processing technologies followed by the enhancements in air interface to aloow higher rates.

Another recent development is a new framework for mobile networks that is expected to provide multimedia support for IP telecommunication services, called as IP Multimedia Subsystems (IMS). Real-time rich multimedia communication mixing telecommunication and data services couldhappendue to IMS in wireline broadband networks. However, mobile carriers cannot offer their customers the freedom to mix multimedia components (text, pictures, audio, voice, video) within one call. Today a two party voice call cannot be extended to a multi-party audio and video conference. IMS overcomes such limitations and makes these scenarios possible.

The  destinyof mobile networks  is  mainly  dependent  upon the development and evolution of 4G system , multimedia networking, and upto some extent, photonic network . It is expected  that  at staring phase  the 4G mobile systems will be used independently  from other  presently used technologies. With gradual development of high speed data support to multimegabits per second, athe  integrations of present  services will happen. In addition, developments in photonic switching might allow mobile communication on a completely photonic network using Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) on photonic switches and routers. The evolutionary view of 4G systems to 5G include a support of wireless world wide web allowing a highly flexible and reconfigurable dynamic adhoc networks.             

TABULAR FORM OG THE EVOLUTION IS SHOWN BELOW

NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

The basic design  of wireless mobile  system consist  of a mobile phone connected to the wired world via a single hop wireless connection to a Base Station (BS), which is responsible for carrying the calls within its region called cell (Figure 1). Due to limited coverage provided by a BS, the mobile hosts change their connecting base stations as they move from one cell to another.

A handoff occur when the mobile user change its location from one Base station to another base station. The mobile station communicate with the BS  by using  multiplexing techiques also known as wireless shairing techniques like FDMA, TDMA , CDMA etc.

Each Base station is connected to a Mobile Switching Center (MSC) through fixed links, and each MSC is connected to others via Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). The MSC is a local switching exchange that handles switching of mobile user from one BS to another. It also locates the current cell location of a mobile user via a Home Location Register (HLR) that stores current location of each mobile that belongs to the MSC. In addition, the MSC contains a Visitor Locations Register (VLR) with information of visiting mobiles from other cells. The MSC is responsible for determining the current location of a target mobile using HLR, VLR and by communicating with other MSCs. The source MSC initiates a call setup message to MSC covering target area for this purpose.

The first generation cellular implementation consisted of analog systems in 450-900 MHz frequency range using frequency shift keying for signaling and Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) for spectrum sharing. The second generation implementations consist of TDMA/CDMA implementations with 900, 1800 MHz frequencies. These systems are called GSM for Europe and IS-136 for US. The respective 2.5G implementations are called GPRS and CDPD followed by 3G implementations.

Third generation mobile systems are intended to provide a global mobility with wide range of services including voice calls, paging, messaging, Internet and broadband data. IMT-2000 defines the standard applicable for North America. In Europe, the equivalent UMTS standardization is in progress. In 1998, a Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) was formed to unify and continue the technical specification work. Later, the Third Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) was formed for technical development of CDMA-2000 technology.

3G mobile offers access to broadband multimedia services, which is expected to become all IP based in future 4G systems. However, current 3G networks are not based on IP; rather they are an evolution from existing 2G networks. Work is going on to provide 3G support and Quality of Service (QoS) in IP and mobility protocols. The situation gets more complex when we consider the WLAN research and when we expect it to become mobile. It is expected that WLANs will be installed in trains, trucks, and buildings. In addition, it may just be formed on an ad-hoc basis (like ad-hoc networks) between random collections of devices that happen to come within radio range of one another (Figure 2).

In general, 4G architecture includes three basic areas of connectivity; PANs (such as Bluetooth), WANs (such as IEEE 802.11), and cellular connectivity. Under this umbrella, 4G will provide a wide range of mobile devices that support global roaming. Each device will be able to interact with Internet-based information that will be modified on the fly for the network being used by the device at that moment (Figure 3). In 5G mobile IP, each cell phone is expected to have a permanent "home" IP address, along with a "care-of" address that represents its actual location. When a computer somewhere on the Internet needs to communicate with the cell phone, it first sends a packet to the phone's home address.

 

Figure 3: Seamless Connection of Networks in 4G

A directory server on the home network forwards this to the care-of address via a tunnel, as in regular mobile IP. However, the directory server also sends a message to the computer informing it of the correct care-of address, so future packets can be sent directly. This should enable TCP sessions and HTTP downloads to be maintained as users move between different types of networks. Because of the many addresses and the multiple layers of subnetting, IPv6 is needed for this type of mobility.

For instance, 128 bits (4 times more than current 32 bit IPv4 address) may be divided into four parts (I thru IV) for supporting different functions. The first 32-bit part (I) may be defined as the home address of a device while the second part (II) may be declared as the care-of address allowing communication between cell phones and personal computers. So once the communication path between cell and PC is established, care-of address will be used instead of home address thus using the second part of IPv6 address.

The goal of 4G and 5G is to replace the current proliferation of core mobile networks with a single worldwide core network standard, based on IPv6 for control, video, packet data, and voice. This will provide uniform video, voice, and data services to the mobile host, based entirely on IPv6.

 The objective is to offer seamless multimedia services to users accessing an all IP-based infrastructure through heterogeneous access technologies. IPv6 is assumed to act as an adhesive for providing global connectivity and mobility among networks.

Figure 4: IPv6 address divided into four IPv4 addresses for supporting 4G/5G functions.

Most of the wireless companies are looking forward to IPv6, because they will be able to introduce new services. The Japanese government is requiring all of Japan's ISPs to support IPv6 with its first 4G launch. Although the US upgrade to IPv6 is less advanced, WLAN’s advancement may provide a shortcut to 4G.

FEATURES OF 5G NETWORKS TECHNOLOGY

•             5G technology offer high resolution for crazy cell phone user and bi-directional large bandwidth shaping.

•             The advanced billing interfaces of 5G technology makes it more attractive and effective.

•             5G technology also providing subscriber supervision tools for fast action.

•             The high quality services of 5G technology based on Policy to avoid error.

•             5G technology is providing large broadcasting of data in Gigabit which supporting almost 65,000 connections.

•             5G technology offer transporter class gateway with unparalleled consistency.

•             The traffic statistics by 5G technology makes it more accurate.

•             Through remote management offered by 5G technology a user can get better and fast solution.

•             The remote diagnostics also a great feature of 5G technology.

•             The 5G technology is providing up to 25 Mbps connectivity speed.

•             The 5G technology also support virtual private network.

•             The new 5G technology will take all delivery service out of business prospect

•             The uploading and downloading speed of 5G technology touching the peak.

•             The 5G technology network offering enhanced and available connectivity just about the world

A new revolution of 5G technology is about to begin because 5G technology going to give tough completion to normal computer and laptops whose marketplace value will be effected.

There are lots of improvements from 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G to 5G in the world of telecommunications. The new coming 5G technology is available in the market in affordable rates, high peak future and much reliability than its preceding technologies.

Features that are getting embedded in such a small piece of electronics are huge. Today you will hardly witness a cell phone without an mp3 player with huge storage memory and a camera. You can use the cell phone as a Walkman. Even every latest set being launched by the cell phone companies have a mega pixel camera in it, which produces extraordinary digital image just like a specialized camera for photography. Here are some an examples about mobile technology in our future, A man’s phone detects that it hasn’t moved for more than 2 hours during the man’s regular waking hours. It issues an audible alarm, but no response! So it emits a signal that triggers a RFID chip implanted inside his body. The RFID chip responds by verifying the identity of the man and also a brief burst of telemetry that indicates that he is experiencing heart beat irregularities and his blood pressure is dangerously low. The phone quickly sends an automated text message to a medical alarm system, including not only the identity and the health data of the owner but also the fact that the man is not in his own apartment but in a reading room of a library.

This is what I think of a “Fifth Generation” world, also sometimes referred as the 5G world. The next logical step is to bring high¬speed broadband to police cars and other emergency vehicles," stated Brian Corty, Chief Technology Officer for 5G Wireless Communications. "We believe our solution is capable of bringing high¬speed connectivity to these vehicles at a relatively low cost." "We're really taking 802.11b technology to new heights and new applications," stated Jerry Dix, President and CEO of 5G Wireless. "We're in the field testing, mapping and demonstrating speeds upward of 1 Mbps, while traveling at 35 MPH and we are in the process of proving that the vehicle units would remain connected as they move between multiple 5G Access Points for seamless roaming capabilities."

The Mobile Wi-Fi capability is an extension of 5G's recently announced WiFi Hot Zone. Whereas local hot spot "only reach an area of 300 ft. from an access point, 5G's enhanced package provides coverage over a mile away.        Augmented by strategically placed "repeaters," it is possible to provide the entire fleet of police cars and emergency vehicles total coverage within the 7-square-mile city limits. The 5G technology has been able to penetrate both manmade and natural obstacles     while     delivering     speeds consistent with line-of-sight locations. This enables the company to provide innovative wireless solutions in response to increased national security and emergency       management concerns.

Having a wireless infrastructure is critical to our Public Safety operations, We now have a reliable means of providing critical information as well as normal municipal functions in the event of an emergency. And it's gratifying to know we're doing it at an affordable level at a time when we are under intense pressure to reduce costs due to the State's  budget crisis."

5G Wireless Communications, Inc located in Marina del Rey, designs, builds, operates, markets and services wireless broadband systems. Utilizing proprietary IEEE 802.11b enhancements for "Last Mile" point-to-point and point-to-multi-point networks, 5G customers receive dependable, high-speed Internet access without the usual installation delays and at significantly lower costs than most major competitors.

Certain statements in this news release may contain forward-looking information within the meaning of Rule 175 under the Securities Act of 1933 and Rule 3b-6 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and are subject to the safe harbor created by those rules.

All statements, other than statements of fact, included in this release, including, without limitation, statements regarding potential future plans and objectives of the company, are forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. There can be no assurance that such statements will prove to be accurate and actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements.

FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE

Below figure shows the system model that proposes design of network architecture for 5G mobile systems, which is all-IP based model for wireless and mobile networks interoperability. The system consists of a user terminal (which has a crucial role in the new architecture) and a number of independent, autonomous radio access technologies. Within each of the terminals, each of the radio access technologies is seen as the IP link to the outside Internet world. However, there should be different radio interface for each Radio Access Technology (RAT) in the mobile terminal. For an example, if we want to have access to four different RATs, we need to have four different access - specific interfaces in the mobile terminal, and to have all of them active at the same time, with aim to have this architecture to be functional applications and servers somewhere on the Internet. Routing of packets should be carried out in accordance with established policies of the user.

HARDWARE OF 5G

 It uses UWB (Ultra Wide Band) networks with higher BW at low energy levels.

 This BW is of 4000 Mbps, which is 400 times faster than today’s wireless networks.

 It uses smart antenna either Switched Beam Antennas or Adaptive Array Antennas.

 It uses CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access).

2. SOFTWARE OF 5G

 5G will be single unified standard of different wireless networks, including LAN technologies, LAN/WAN, WWWW- World Wide Wireless Web, unified IP & seamless combination of broadband.

 Software defined radio, Packet layer, Implementation of Packets, Encryption, Flexibility, Anti-Virus.