FACTS ABOUT SOLAR SYSTEM PLANETS

                                  FASCINATING  FACTS ABOUT OUR SOLAR SYSTEM

The solar  system has total of Eight planets .Earlier it was considered as 9 Planet but in 2006 Scientist declared that pluto was too small to be considered as a planet so it was now considered as dwarf planet. 

1) N.O of Dwarf Planets -  There is a large debate occurring on the dwarf planets   definations but everybody accepts the facts that they are large planetry bodies which haven’t cleared there orbit enough to be  considered as  planet. At the same time  aren’t  orbiting around a planet to be considered as a satellite or moon.

Pluto                     5,874,000,000 km                    Dwarf Planet

Haumea             6,452,000,000 km                    Dwarf Planet

Makemake         6,850,000,000 km                     Dwarf Planet

Eris                         10,120,000,000 km                 Dwarf Planet

2)SUN

The Sun is the star at centre of our solar system ,its distance from earth is about  149.6  million km  and is responsible for earth climate and weather. The Age of Sun is about 4.6 billion years and it is considered as a yellow dwarf star because of it’s small size and colour. The chemical composition of Sun is Hydrogen(69.5%),Helium(28%),Carbon, Nitrogen and Oxygen (2%)and Sulphur,Silicon and Iron(.5%). The Temperature of the core is  15 -20 million  Celsius and   of Surface is  about5500 degree Celsius.

 Facts about sun

When all the Hydrogen of the sun will burn out, the sun will continue to burn out helium for about 130  million years during which it will expand and reach Mercurry , Venus and Earth  and will enter it’s red giant pahse and after it  will collapse and will become equal to  volume of earth  and will be called white dwarf

2) The sun rotate at about 220 KM per second

3) The light from sun reaches the earh at about 8 minutes eventhough it is 149.6 million years

4) The sun has a very strong magnetic field

2)MOON

Moon is the satellite of earth and it’s average distance from earth is 384,365 km from earth surface  and it’s gravitational force has very large impact on earth  in the form of tidal waves.The Revoulation period of moon  round the earth  in  Sidereal month is 27 days,7hrs and 43.5 minutes wheras in Synodic Month is 29 days,12 hrs,44 minutes.  In moon there is no atmosphere and Time taken by moon  light to reach earth surface is1.3 second and rotation around its axis is 2287miles per hrs.

3)Earth  - Is the third planet from the Sun and is the largest of the terrestrial planets. Unlike the other planets in the solar system that are named after classic deities the Earth name comes from the Anglo-Saxon word erda which means ground or soil. The Earth was formed approximately  4.54 billion years ago and is the only known planet to support  life .Approx age of earth is 4600000000 years. The water area is 71% of the total land surface 357100000km^2 .The necessary escape velocity  is 11.2km/sec.

4) Venus.  Many people thinks that Mercury is the hotest planet  in our solar system but it is a mistaken truth the hotest panet  in our solar system is Venus  . The assumption that Mercury is the hotest planet comes from the fact that it is closest to Sun  but as mercury has no atmosphere  there is nothing to hold the heat. Venus on the other hand has a thick atmosphere and thus hold the heat for long time.Venus is the only Planet which spin in opposite direction and thus is a blackspot in planets in solar system.

Facts

The diameter of Venus is 1102 km and surface gravity is 8.87m/second^2 .

 The n.o of satellite is 0

Rotational period is 243 days

Mean surface pressure is 92 bars

Mean   surface temperature is 464degreeC

5)Mercury 

A  day on any planet is  rotation of planet around it’s axis   , we are used to of earth rotation around it’s axis and is 23 hours ,56 minutes and 4.09 seconds. Mercury rotation lasts for nearly sixty Earth days. Due to Mercury’s orbit around the sun, a year on that planet is the equivalent of around eighty-eight Earth days. ‘

Facts of Mercury

Diameter of Mercury is 4879.4 km

Surface gravity is 11.8 feet/sec(3.6)meter

Surface temperature:- 280 F to 800F

Surface atmospheric pressure 2*10^12 millibar

Revolution period(Sidereal year)-87.97 earth days

Rotational period(Sidereal year)-58.646 earth days

N.o of satellites –Nil

6)Mars – Mars is the fourth planet from sun named after  Roman goad of war and often reffered as Red planet  due to it’s reddish  appearance. Mars is a terrestrial planet  with a thin atmosphere and  is mainly composed of carbom dioxide.

Facts about

1)Mass: 641,693,000,000,000 billion kg (0.107 x Earth)

2)Equatorial Diameter: 6,805

3)Polar Diameter: 6,755

4)Equatorial Circumference: 21,297 km

5) Satellites:  Phobos & Deimos

6)Orbit Distance: 227,943,824 km (1.38 AU)

7)Orbit Period: 686.98 Earth days (1.88 Earth years)

8)Surface Temperature: -87 to -5 °C

9)First Record: 2nd millenium BC

 Recorded By: Egyptian astronomers

7) Jupiter

The Jupiter is n.o fifth planet from  Sun  and is also the largest planet . Jupiter is mainly kown for big  red spot and long   running storm’s on Jupiter surface. It is also important for earth  protection as it’s large gravitational pull  act as protective barrier  that  protect earth from space debris,pulling dangerous objects before they reach us.

Facts

Jupiter diameter is                          -142984 km

Surface gravity is                              -20.87m/s^

Sidereal period of revolution      -11.8565 earth years

Average temperature                   -144 degree celcius

 N.o of Satellites                              - 64

Satrun- Satrun is said to be known  for its rings and there is a common misconception that it is only planet with rings but it is not true the bigger planets  like Jupiter Neptune and  Uranus has rings . Uranus I has Nine bright rings but they can’t be seen from our planet.

Facts

Mean radius                                    58322 km

Average density                                            687kg/m^3

Sidereal period of revolution     29.457 earth years

Average temperature                    176degree celcius

Satellites                                              61

Uranus -  It has an orbital tilt of eighty-two degrees, which means that it is practically on its side. The effect of this is that a season on Uranus lasts about twenty earth years, and causes all sorts of odd weather.

Facts

Diameter of Uranus   - 5118 km

Sidereal revoulution -  84.02 earth years

Rotational period      -  17.24 hrs

Satellites                      -   27

                                                       

Neptune   -    Neptune is the   eighth planet from the Sun  and is smallest of gas giants. eptune was the first planet found by mathematical prediction after unexpected changes in the orbit of Uranus were observed. Neptune is named after the Roman god of the sea.

Facts

Surface gravity      -  11.00m/second ^2

Sidereal revolution               -164.79 earth years

Rotation period                     -  16.11 hrs

Mean temperature              – 215 degree celcius

 N.o  of Satellites                   -13                                    

 Uranus